Tom Valley, MD, MSc

Research Interests

My research focuses on improving the quality of routine intensive care, particularly among rural and minority communities.

Publications

• Flick RJ, Kamphuis LA, Valley TS, Armstrong-Hough M, Iwashyna TJ. Association of Sepsis Survivor Subtypes With Long-Term Mortality and Disability After Discharge: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Crit Care Med. 2026 Jan 1;54(1):45-54. PubMed PMID: 41231072
• Barker AK, Harlan EA, Kerlin MP, Valley TS, Sjoding MW. Role of Attending Practice Variability in Prone Positioning Initiation: A Retrospective Cohort Study. CHEST Crit Care. 2025 Sep;3(3). PubMed PMID: 41312056
• Kamran F, Tjandra D, Valley TS, Prescott HC, Shah NH, Liu VX, Horvitz E, Wiens J. Reformulating patient stratification for targeting interventions by accounting for severity of downstream outcomes resulting from disease onset: a case study in sepsis. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2025 May 1;32(5):905-913. PubMed PMID: 40127468
• Blok AC, Valley TS, Gauntlett LE, Miller J, Lipman K, Krein SL. Understanding crisis needs among family caregivers of patients in critical care: A qualitative analysis. Aust Crit Care. 2025 May;38(3):101168. PubMed PMID: 39923396
• Hauschildt KE, Bernstein T, Crews DC, Drabo EF, Ferryman K, Jackson JW, Valley TS, Levy J, Iwashyna TJ. Health System Purchasing Professionals' Approaches to Considering Equity in Procurement. Chest. 2025 Mar;167(3):831-841. PubMed PMID: 39708960
• Eaton TL, Danesh V, Jones AC, Kimpel CC, Sevin CM, Su H, Toth KM, Valley TS, Iwashyna TJ, Boehm LM, McPeake J. Clinician and Patient Responses to US Health Insurers' Policies: A Qualitative Study of Higher Risk Patients. Health Serv Res. 2025 Jun;60(3):e14615. PubMed PMID: 40275640
• Hwang DY, Oczkowski SJW, Lewis K, Birriel B, Downar J, Farrier CE, Fiest KM, Gerritsen RT, Hart J, Hartog CS, Heras-La Calle G, Hope AA, Jennerich AL, Kentish-Barnes N, Kleinpell R, Kross EK, Marshall AP, Nydahl P, Peters T, Rosa RG, Scruth E, Sederstrom N, Stollings JL, Turnbull AE, Valley TS, Netzer G, Aslakson RA, Hopkins RO. Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Family-Centered Care for Adult ICUs: 2024. Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 1;53(2):e465-e482. PubMed PMID: 39982184
• Hwang DY, Oczkowski SJW, Lewis K, Birriel B, Downar J, Farrier CE, Fiest KM, Gerritsen RT, Hart J, Hartog CS, Heras-La Calle G, Hope AA, Jennerich AL, Kentish-Barnes N, Kleinpell R, Kross EK, Marshall AP, Nydahl P, Peters T, Rosa RG, Scruth E, Sederstrom N, Stollings JL, Turnbull AE, Valley TS, Netzer G, Aslakson RA, Hopkins RO. Executive Summary: Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Family-Centered Care for Adult ICUs. Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 1;53(2):e459-e464. PubMed PMID: 39982183
• Hauschildt KE, Thornton JD, Brown C, Hope AA, Jain S, Valley TS, Aslakson RA, Carlton EF, Iwashyna TJ, Mikkelsen M, Boen C, Dzeng E, Falvey J, George N, Hotchkin D, Khandelwal N, Khatri UG, McPeake J, Nadig NR, Oyesanya TO, Amiri I, Ashana DC. A Research Agenda to Mitigate Racial and Ethnic Disparities in U.S. Critical Care Medicine: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025 Dec;211(12):2268-2288. PubMed PMID: 41324349
• Valley TS. Acuity and Access: Rethinking ICU Admissions. Crit Care Med. 2025 Apr 1;53(4):e1008-e1010. PubMed PMID: 39937063
• Admon AJ, Cohen-Mekelburg S, Opatrny M, Lee KT, Law AC, Gershengorn HB, Valley TS, Prescott HC, Wiktor MJ, Neeluru J, Cooke CR, Weissman GE. Two Weeks Versus One Week of Maximal Patient-Intensivist Continuity for Adult Medical Intensive Care Patients: A Two-Center Target Trial Emulation. Crit Care Med. 2024 Sep 1;52(9):1323-1332. PubMed PMID: 38713002
• Parrotte K, Mercado L, Lappen H, Iwashyna TJ, Hough CL, Valley TS, Armstrong-Hough M. Outcome Measures to Evaluate Functional Recovery in Survivors of Respiratory Failure: A Scoping Review. CHEST Crit Care. 2024 Sep;2(3). PubMed PMID: 39822343
• Harlan EA, Ghous M, Moscovice IS, Valley TS. Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized in Rural and Urban ICUs From 2010 to 2019. Crit Care Med. 2024 Oct 1;52(10):1577-1586. PubMed PMID: 38920619
• Parr NJ, Beech EH, Young S, Valley TS. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Occult Hypoxemia Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes Among Hospitalized Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med. 2024 Oct;39(13):2543-2553. PubMed PMID: 39020232
• Costa DK, Valley TS, Friese CR. Addressing the Nursing Workforce Crisis Through Nurse-Physician Collaboration. JAMA Intern Med. 2024 May 1;184(5):463-464. PubMed PMID: 38526474
• Harlan EA, Venkatesh S, Morrison J, Cooke CR, Iwashyna TJ, Ford DW, Moscovice IS, Sjoding MW, Valley TS. Rural-Urban Differences in Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Intensive and Intermediate Care. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2024 May;21(5):774-781. PubMed PMID: 38294224
• Møller MH, Granholm A, Al Duhailib Z, Alhazzani W, Belley-Cote E, Oczkowski S, Vijayaraghavan BKT, Sjövall F, Butler E, Zampieri FG, Mac Sweeney R, Derde LPG, Ruzycki-Chadwick A, Mer M, Burns KEA, Ergan B, Al-Fares A, Sjoding MW, Valley TS, Rasmussen BS, Schjørring OL, Prescott HC. Higher versus lower oxygenation targets in adult ICU patients: A rapid practice guideline. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2024 Mar;68(3):302-310. PubMed PMID: 38140827
• Barker AK, Valley TS, Kenes MT, Sjoding MW. Early Deep Sedation Practices Worsened During the Pandemic Among Adult Patients Without COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Chest. 2024 Jul;166(1):118-126. PubMed PMID: 38218219
• Fu WW, Hassett KP, Labaki WW, Valley TS, Thompson MP. Use of Pulmonary Rehabilitation after Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Hospitalization: An Analysis of Statewide Patient and Hospital Data. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2024 Dec;21(12):1698-1705. PubMed PMID: 39137381
• Lagina M, Valley TS. Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure. Crit Care Clin. 2024 Apr;40(2):235-253. PubMed PMID: 38432694
• Armstrong-Hough M, Lin P, Venkatesh S, Ghous M, Hough CL, Cook SH, Iwashyna TJ, Valley TS. Ethnic Disparities in Deep Sedation of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the United States: Secondary Analysis of a Multicenter Randomized Trial. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2024 Apr;21(4):620-626. PubMed PMID: 38324712
• Blank JA, Armstrong-Hough M, Valley TS. Disparities among patients with respiratory failure. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2023 Oct 1;29(5):493-504. PubMed PMID: 37641499
• Bonner SN, Lagisetty K, Reddy RM, Engeda Y, Griggs JJ, Valley TS. Clinical Implications of Removing Race-Corrected Pulmonary Function Tests for African American Patients Requiring Surgery for Lung Cancer. JAMA Surg. 2023 Oct 1;158(10):1061-1068. PubMed PMID: 37585181
• Karlic KJ, Valley TS, Cagino LM, Prescott HC, Iwashyna TJ, Mohammad RA, Pitcher M, Haezebrouck E, McSparron JI. Identification of Patient Safety Threats in a Post-Intensive Care Clinic. Am J Med Qual. 2023 May-Jun 01;38(3):117-121. PubMed PMID: 36951467
• Valley TS, Schutz A, Miller J, Miles L, Lipman K, Eaton TL, Kinni H, Cooke CR, Iwashyna TJ. Hospital factors that influence ICU admission decision-making: a qualitative study of eight hospitals. Intensive Care Med. 2023 May;49(5):505-516. PubMed PMID: 36952016
• Sjoding MW, Iwashyna TJ, Valley TS. Change the Framework for Pulse Oximeter Regulation to Ensure Clinicians Can Give Patients the Oxygen They Need. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Mar 15;207(6):661-664. PubMed PMID: 36260769
• Sjoding MW, Ansari S, Valley TS. Origins of Racial and Ethnic Bias in Pulmonary Technologies. Annu Rev Med. 2023 Jan 27;74:401-412. PubMed PMID: 35901314
• Blok AC, Valley TS, Weston LE, Miller J, Lipman K, Krein SL. Factors Affecting Psychological Distress in Family Caregivers of Critically Ill Patients: A Qualitative Study. Am J Crit Care. 2023 Jan 1;32(1):21-30. PubMed PMID: 36587003
• Wayne MT, Valley TS, Arenberg DA, De Cardenas J, Prescott HC. Temporal Trends and Variation in Bronchoscopy Use for Acute Respiratory Failure in the United States. Chest. 2023 Jan;163(1):128-138. PubMed PMID: 36007595
• Jabbour S, Fouhey D, Shepard S, Valley TS, Kazerooni EA, Banovic N, Wiens J, Sjoding MW. Measuring the Impact of AI in the Diagnosis of Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Clinical Vignette Survey Study. JAMA. 2023 Dec 19;330(23):2275-2284. PubMed PMID: 38112814
• Eaton TL, Lincoln TE, Lewis A, Davis BC, Sevin CM, Valley TS, Donovan HS, Seaman J, Iwashyna TJ, Alexander S, Scheunemann LP. Palliative Care in Survivors of Critical Illness: A Qualitative Study of Post-Intensive Care Unit Program Clinicians. J Palliat Med. 2023 Dec;26(12):1644-1653. PubMed PMID: 37831930
• Valley TS, Schutz A, Peltan ID, Vranas KC, Mathews KS, Jolley SE, Palakshappa JA, Hough CL. Organization of Outpatient Care After COVID-19 Hospitalization. Chest. 2022 Jun;161(6):1485-1489. PubMed PMID: 35108571
• Wayne MT, Seelye S, Molling D, Hogan CK, Valley TS, Arenberg DA, De Cardenas J, Prescott HC. Variation in U.S. Hospital Practices for Bronchoscopy in the Intensive Care Unit. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022 Jun;19(6):1061-1065. PubMed PMID: 34847332
• Jain S, Valley TS. Who Receives ICU Care during Times of Strain? Triage and the Potential for Racial Disparities. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022 Dec;19(12):1973-1974. PubMed PMID: 36454169
• Valbuena VSM, Barbaro RP, Claar D, Valley TS, Dickson RP, Gay SE, Sjoding MW, Iwashyna TJ. Response. Chest. 2022 Aug;162(2):e103-e104. PubMed PMID: 35940658
• Vranas KC, Golden SE, Nugent S, Valley TS, Schutz A, Duggal A, Seitz KP, Chang SY, Slatore CG, Sullivan DR, Hough CL, Mathews KS. The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Intensivists' Well-Being: A Qualitative Study. Chest. 2022 Aug;162(2):331-345. PubMed PMID: 35568205
• Valbuena VSM, Barbaro RP, Claar D, Valley TS, Dickson RP, Gay SE, Sjoding MW, Iwashyna TJ. Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement Among Patients About to Undergo Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in 2019-2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Chest. 2022 Apr;161(4):971-978. PubMed PMID: 34592317
• Blok AC, Valley TS, Abbott P. Gamification for Family Engagement in Lifestyle Interventions: A Systematic Review. Prev Sci. 2021 Oct;22(7):831-844. PubMed PMID: 33786746
• Vranas KC, Golden SE, Mathews KS, Schutz A, Valley TS, Duggal A, Seitz KP, Chang SY, Nugent S, Slatore CG, Sullivan DR, Hough CL. The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on ICU Organization, Care Processes, and Frontline Clinician Experiences: A Qualitative Study. Chest. 2021 Nov;160(5):1714-1728. PubMed PMID: 34062115
• Salerno S, Zhao Z, Prabhu Sankar S, Salvatore M, Gu T, Fritsche LG, Lee S, Lisabeth LD, Valley TS, Mukherjee B. Patterns of repeated diagnostic testing for COVID-19 in relation to patient characteristics and outcomes. J Intern Med. 2021 May;289(5):726-737. PubMed PMID: 33253457
• Valley TS, Kamdar N, Wiitala WL, Ryan AM, Seelye SM, Waljee AK, Nallamothu BK. Continuous quality improvement in statistical code: avoiding errors and improving transparency. BMJ Qual Saf. 2021 Mar;30(3):240-244. PubMed PMID: 33023935
• Mathews KS, Seitz KP, Vranas KC, Duggal A, Valley TS, Zhao B, Gundel S, Harhay MO, Chang SY, Hough CL. Variation in Initial U.S. Hospital Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Crit Care Med. 2021 Jul 1;49(7):1038-1048. PubMed PMID: 33826584
• Singh K, Valley TS, Tang S, Li BY, Kamran F, Sjoding MW, Wiens J, Otles E, Donnelly JP, Wei MY, McBride JP, Cao J, Penoza C, Ayanian JZ, Nallamothu BK. Evaluating a Widely Implemented Proprietary Deterioration Index Model among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021 Jul;18(7):1129-1137. PubMed PMID: 33357088
• Valley TS, Armstrong-Hough M, Adegunsoye A. Risk, Race, and Structural Racism. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021 Aug;18(8):1289-1290. PubMed PMID: 34328403
• Sjoding M, Iwashyna TJ, Valley TS. More on Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement. Reply. N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 1;384(13):1278. PubMed PMID: 33789021
• Thompson AD, Valley TS. Old Habits Die Hard: Do Stable Patients With Non-ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Need an Intensive Care Unit?. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2021 Apr;14(4):e007700. PubMed PMID: 33757308
• Valley TS, Schutz A, Nagle MT, Miles LJ, Lipman K, Ketcham SW, Kent M, Hibbard CE, Harlan EA, Hauschildt K. Changes to Visitation Policies and Communication Practices in Michigan ICUs during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Sep 15;202(6):883-885. PubMed PMID: 32687720
• Harlan EA, Miller J, Costa DK, Fagerlin A, Iwashyna TJ, Chen EP, Lipman K, Valley TS. Emotional Experiences and Coping Strategies of Family Members of Critically Ill Patients. Chest. 2020 Oct;158(4):1464-1472. PubMed PMID: 32454044
• Carey MR, Prescott HC, Iwashyna TJ, Wilson ME, Fagerlin A, Valley TS. Changes in Self-Rated Health After Sepsis in Older Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Chest. 2020 Nov;158(5):1958-1966. PubMed PMID: 32593804
• DeBlanc J, Kay B, Lehrich J, Kamdar N, Valley TS, Ayanian JZ, Nallamothu BK. Availability of Statistical Code From Studies Using Medicare Data in General Medical Journals. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Jun 1;180(6):905-907. PubMed PMID: 32282018
• Harlan EA, Valley TS. Navigating Discharges from Intensive Care Unit to Ward. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 Jul;17(7):807-808. PubMed PMID: 32609028
• Sjoding MW, Dickson RP, Iwashyna TJ, Gay SE, Valley TS. Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 17;383(25):2477-2478. PubMed PMID: 33326721
• Albin OR, Henig O, Patel TS, Valley TS, Pogue JM, Petty LA, Mills JP, Brancaccio A, Martin ET, Kaye KS. Clinical Implications of Microbiologic Treatment Failure in the Setting of Clinical Cure of Bacterial Pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Dec 15;71(12):3033-3041. PubMed PMID: 31832641
• Valley TS, Noritomi DT. ICU beds: less is more? Yes. Intensive Care Med. 2020 Aug;46(8):1594-1596. PubMed PMID: 32335703
• Bailoor K, Valley TS, Kukora S, Zahuranec DB. Explaining the Process of Determining Futility Increases Lay Public Acceptance. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Jun;16(6):738-743. PubMed PMID: 30789785
• Tavakkoli A, Singal AG, Waljee AK, Scheiman JM, Murphy CC, Pruitt SL, Xuan L, Kwon RS, Law RJ, Elta GH, Wright-Slaughter P, Valley TS, Kubiliun N, Nathan H, Rubenstein JH, Elmunzer BJ. Regional and racial variations in the utilization of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography among pancreatic cancer patients in the United States. Cancer Med. 2019 Jul;8(7):3420-3427. PubMed PMID: 31087545
• Valley TS, Admon AJ, Zahuranec DB, Garland A, Fagerlin A, Iwashyna TJ. Estimating ICU Benefit: A Randomized Study of Physicians. Crit Care Med. 2019 Jan;47(1):62-68. PubMed PMID: 30303839
• Valley TS, Scherer AM, Knaus M, Zikmund-Fisher BJ, Das E, Fagerlin A. Prior Vaccination and Effectiveness of Communication Strategies Used to Describe Infectious Diseases. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019 Apr;25(4):821-823. PubMed PMID: 30882322
• Admon AJ, Valley TS, Ayanian JZ, Iwashyna TJ, Cooke CR, Tipirneni R. Trends in Hospital Utilization After Medicaid Expansion. Med Care. 2019 Apr;57(4):312-317. PubMed PMID: 30762722
• Wayne MT, Valley TS, Cooke CR, Sjoding MW. Electronic "Sniffer" Systems to Identify the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Apr;16(4):488-495. PubMed PMID: 30521765
• Admon AJ, Gupta A, Williams M, Valley TS, Sjoding MW, Wiener RS, Cooke CR. Appraising the Evidence Supporting Choosing Wisely® Recommendations. J Hosp Med. 2018 Oct;13(10):688-691. PubMed PMID: 29694449
• Valley TS. The Search for the Optimal Intensive Care Unit Triage Model. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018 Nov;15(11):1280-1282. PubMed PMID: 30382788
• Valley TS, Nallamothu BK, Heung M, Iwashyna TJ, Cooke CR. Hospital Variation in Renal Replacement Therapy for Sepsis in the United States. Crit Care Med. 2018 Feb;46(2):e158-e165. PubMed PMID: 29206766
• Costa DK, Valley TS, Miller MA, Manojlovich M, Watson SR, McLellan P, Pope C, Hyzy RC, Iwashyna TJ. ICU team composition and its association with ABCDE implementation in a quality collaborative. J Crit Care. 2018 Apr;44:1-6. PubMed PMID: 28978488
• Valley TS, Walkey AJ, Lindenauer PK, Wiener RS, Cooke CR. Association Between Noninvasive Ventilation and Mortality Among Older Patients With Pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 2017 Mar;45(3):e246-e254. PubMed PMID: 27749319
• Valley TS, Sjoding MW, Ryan AM, Iwashyna TJ, Cooke CR. Intensive Care Unit Admission and Survival among Older Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Heart Failure, or Myocardial Infarction. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017 Jun;14(6):943-951. PubMed PMID: 28208030
• Fagerlin A, Valley TS, Scherer AM, Knaus M, Das E, Zikmund-Fisher BJ. Communicating infectious disease prevalence through graphics: Results from an international survey. Vaccine. 2017 Jul 13;35(32):4041-4047. PubMed PMID: 28647168
• Valley TS, Walkey AJ, Lindenauer PK, Wiener RS, Cooke CR. The authors reply. Crit Care Med. 2017 Apr;45(4):e466-e467. PubMed PMID: 28291117
• Valley TS, Sjoding MW, Goldberger ZD, Cooke CR. ICU Use and Quality of Care for Patients With Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure. Chest. 2016 Sep;150(3):524-32. PubMed PMID: 27318172
• Valley TS, Ryan AM, Cooke CR. Intensive Care Unit Admission and Mortality Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Pneumonia--Reply. JAMA. 2016 Mar 22-29;315(12):1285. PubMed PMID: 27002455
• Valley TS, Fagerlin A. Disruptive Technology. Can Electronic Portals Promote Communication in the Intensive Care Unit?. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016 Mar;13(3):309-10. PubMed PMID: 26963352
• Sjoding MW, Valley TS, Prescott HC, Wunsch H, Iwashyna TJ, Cooke CR. Rising Billing for Intermediate Intensive Care among Hospitalized Medicare Beneficiaries between 1996 and 2010. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan 15;193(2):163-70. PubMed PMID: 26372779
• Valley TS, Sjoding MW, Ryan AM, Iwashyna TJ, Cooke CR. Association of Intensive Care Unit Admission With Mortality Among Older Patients With Pneumonia. JAMA. 2015 Sep 22-29;314(12):1272-9. PubMed PMID: 26393850

Practice Locations

UCHealth University of Colorado Hospital (UCH)
12605 E. 16th Ave
Aurora, CO 80045
720-848-0000

Hospital Affiliation

• University of Colorado Hospital
• Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Specialty Information

Specialties

• Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Board Certification