Cara Wilson, MD

Professional Titles

• Professor of Medicine and Immunology
• Executive Vice Chair, Department of Medicine
• Clinical Associate Director, Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP)

Recognitions

• Dean's List and Class Honors, Duke University (1981)
  1981 - 1983
• Nominated for Junior Marshall, Duke University (1983)
• Phi Beta Kappa, Early Selection, Duke University (1983)
• Summa Cum Laude, Duke University (1984)
• Junior Selection to Alpha Omega Alpha, University of Virginia (1987)
• Janet M. Glascow Memorial Award, American Medical Women's Association (1988)
• Scholarship Award - Valedictorian, University of Virginia (1988)
  Graduating Class of 1988
• Roche Laboratories Post-Doctoral Award in Virology, Infectious Diseases Society of America (1994)
  1994-1996
• Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation and McNeil Pharmaceutical Young Investigator Award in Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases Society of America (1997)
• President of Alpha Chapter, Alpha Omega Alpha - Duke University (1987)
  1987-1988
• Member of the University Scientific Ethics Committee, University of Colorado (2013)
  2013 - 2017
• Leadership for Innovative Team Science (LITeS) Program, Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CCTSI) (2013)
  2013 - 2014
• Member of the Council of Graduate Educators, University of Colorado (2014)
  2014 to present
• Director of the Pre-K Mentoring Program, Co-Director KL2 Program (CCTSI) (2014)
  2014 - 2018
• Vice Chair for Faculty Advancement, University of Colorado Department of Medicine (2015)
  2015 - 2018
• Selected to the NIAID/NIH Advisory Council and AIDS Research Advisory Committee, NIAID/NIH Advisory Council and AIDS Research Advisory Committee (2015)
  2015 to present
• Chair of the NIADI's AIDS Research Advisory Committee, AIDS Research Advisory Committee (2017)
  2017 - 2019
• Executive Vice Chair, University of Colorado Department of Medicine (2019)
  2019 - 2020
• Clinical Associate Director, Medical Scientist Training Program (2020)
  2020 to present

Research Interests

1. Cellular immune response to HIV-1 and correlates of immune protection in early and chronic HIV-1 infection. 2. Development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines for HIV-1 infection 3. Immune reconstitution of HIV-1 infection 4. Interactions between HIV-1 and dendritic cells 5. Dendritic cell, T cell, and epithelial cell interactions in HIV-infected gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) 6. HIV, aging, microbiome and mucosal immune function 7. Mechanisms of HIV-associated death in intestinal T cells 8. Role of Interferons in HIV pathogenesis

Publications

• McCarter MD, Clarke J, Richter D, Wilson CC. Melanoma skews dendritic cells to facilitate a T helper 2 profile. Surgery. 2005, 138:321-8.
• Brent E. Palmer, Naomi Blyveis, Andrew P. Fontenot, and Cara C. Wilson. Functional and phenotypic characterization of CD57+ T cells and their association with HIV-1-induced T cell dysfunction. J Immunol. 2005, 175(12):8415-23.
• John R. Koeppe, Thomas P. Campbell, Richard Rapaport, and Cara C. Wilson. HIV-1 specific CD4+ T cell responses are not associated with significant viral epitope variation in persons with persistent plasma viremia. J AIDS. 2006 41(2):140-8.
• Michelle A. Barron, Naomi Blyveis, Samuel C. Pan, and Cara C. Wilson. Human Dendritic Cell Interactions with Whole Recombinant Yeast: Implications for HIV-1 Vaccine Development. Manuscript in press, J Clin Immunology.
• Connick E, MaWhinney S, Wilson CC, Campbell TB. Challenges in the study of patients with HIV type 1 seroconversion. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 May 1;40(9):1355-7.
• John R. Koeppe, Thomas P. Campbell, Richard Rapaport, and Cara C. Wilson. HIV-1 specific CD4+ T cell responses are not associated with significant viral epitope variation in persons with persistent plasma viremia. J AIDS. 2006 41(2):140-8.
• Michelle A. Barron, Naomi Blyveis, Samuel C. Pan, and Cara C. Wilson. Human Dendritic Cell Interactions with Whole Recombinant Yeast: Implications for HIV-1 Vaccine Development. J Clin Immunology. 2006, May 13.
• Eli Boritz, Eric L. Rapaport, Thomas P. Campbell, John R. Koeppe, and Cara C. Wilson. CD4+ T Cell Targeting of HIV-1 Peptide Sequences Present In Vivo during Chronic, Progressive HIV-1 Disease. Virology 2006, Dec. 12.
• Steele AK, Lee EJ, Vestal B, Hecht D, Dong Z, Rapaport E, Koeppe J, Campbell TB, Wilson CC. Contribution of Intestinal Barrier Damage, Microbial Translocation and HIV-1 Infection Status to an Inflammaging Signature. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97171. PubMed PMID: 24819230
• Tenorio AR, Zheng Y, Bosch RJ, Krishnan S, Rodriguez B, Hunt PW, Plants J, Seth A, Wilson CC, Deeks SG, Lederman MM, Landay AL. Soluble markers of inflammation and coagulation, but not T-cell activation, are predictors of non-AIDS-defining morbid events during suppressive antiretroviral treatment. J Infect Dis. 2014 May 1. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 24795473
• 34. Dillon S, Robertson K, Pan S, MaWhinney S, Meditz A, Folkvord J, Connick E, McCarter M, Wilson CC. Plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells display an activated but incomplete maturation phenotype and accumulate in lymphoid tissue during chronic, asymptomatic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 infection. J AIDS 2008, Jan. 31.
• 35. Wilson CC, Newman MJ, Livingston BD, MaWhinney S, Forster JE, Scott J, Schooley RT, Benson CA. Safety and Immunogenicity of an Epitope-based DNA Vaccine in HIV-1-infected Subjects Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 2008, in press.
• Steele AK, Lee EJ, Manuzak JA, Dillon SM, Beckham JD, McCarter MD, Santiago ML, Wilson CC. Microbial exposure alters HIV-1-induced mucosal CD4 T cell death pathways Ex vivo. Retrovirology. 2014 Feb 4;11:14. PubMed PMID: 24495380
• 30. D’Souza M, Fontenot AP, Mack DG, Lozupone C, Dillon S, Meditz A, Wilson CC, Connick E, Palmer B. PD-1 Expression on HIV-specific CD4+ T Cells is Driven by HIV Replication. J Immunol. 2007, Aug 1;179(3):1979-87.
• 31. Connolly NC, Whiteside TL, Wilson CC, Kondragunta V, Rinaldo CR, Riddler SA. Therapeutic Immunization with HIV-1 Peptide-Loaded Dendritic Cells is Safe and Immunogenic in HIV-1-Infected Individuals. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2007, Oct 17.
• Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Kotter CV, Austin GL, Dong Z, Hecht DK, Gianella S, Siewe B, Smith DM, Landay AL, Robertson CE, Frank DN, Wilson CC. An altered intestinal mucosal microbiome in HIV-1 infection is associated with mucosal and systemic immune activation and endotoxemia. Mucosal Immunol. 2014 Jan 8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 24399150
• 32. McCarter MD, Baumgartner J, Escobar GA, Richter D, Lewis K, Robinson W, Wilson CC, Palmer B, Gonzalez R. Immunosuppressive Dendritic and Regulatory T Cells are Upregulated in Melanoma Patients. Annals of Surgical Oncology 2007; June 26.
• 33. Baumgartner J, Wilson C, Palmer B, Richter D, Banerjee A, McCarter M. Melanoma Induces Immunosuppression by Up-regulating FOXP3(+) Regulatory T Cells. J Surg Res 2007; 141(1):72-7.
• Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Bramante JM, Barker E, Wilson CC. The natural killer cell interferon-gamma response to bacteria is diminished in untreated HIV-1 infection and defects persist despite viral suppression. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014 Mar 1;65(3):259-67. PubMed PMID: 24091697
• Manuzak JA, Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Dong ZM, Hecht DK, Wilson CC. Increased Escherichia coli-induced interleukin-23 production by CD16 monocytes correlates with systemic immune activation in untreated HIV-1-infected individuals. J Virol. 2013 Dec;87(24):13252-62. PubMed PMID: 24067979
• 25. Wilson CC, Newman MJ, Livingston BD, MaWhinney S, Forster JE, Scott J, Schooley RT, Benson CA. Clinical phase 1 testing of the safety and immunogenicity of an epitope-based DNA vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Jun;15(6):986-94.
• Gustafson CE, Higbee D, Yeckes AR, Wilson CC, De Zoeten EF, Jedlicka P, Janoff EN. Limited expression of APRIL and its receptors prior to intestinal IgA plasma cell development during human infancy. Mucosal Immunol. 2014 May;7(3):467-77. PubMed PMID: 24045575
• Evidence for dendritic cell-dependent CD4(+) T helper-1 type responses to commensal bacteria in normal human intestinal lamina propria. Howe R, Dillon S, Rogers L, McCarter M, Kelly C, Gonzalez R, Madinger N, Wilson CC. Clin Immunol. 2009 Jan 25.
• Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of HIV-1-specific CD4+CD8+ Double Positive T cells in Early and Chronic HIV-1 Infection Rawleigh Howe1 MD PhD, Stephanie Dillon1 PhD, Lisa Rogers1 BS, Brent Palmer1 PhD, Samantha MaWhinney1 ScD, Naomi Blyveis1 MS, Rick Schlichtemeier1 BS, Michelle D’Souza1 MS, Laura Ingoldby1 BS, Jeri E.F. Harwood1 PhD, Cornelis Rietmeijer2 MD Ph D MSPH, Graham Ray1 RN MSN, Elizabeth Connick1 MD, and Cara C. Wilson1 MD. JAIDS 2009, in press.
• Taiwo B, Matining RM, Zheng L, Lederman MM, Rinaldo CR, Kim PS, Berzins BI, Kuritzkes DR, Jennings A, Eron JJ Jr, Wilson CC. Associations of T cell activation and inflammatory biomarkers with virological response to darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2013 Aug;68(8):1857-61. PubMed PMID: 23599363
• Impaired Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Maturation and Differential Chemotaxis in Chronic HCV: Associations with Antiviral Treatment Outcomes John Andrew Mengshol, Lucy Golden-Mason, Nicole Castelblanco, KyungAh Im, Stephanie M Dillon, Cara C Wilson, and Hugo R Rosen. Gut; Epub ahead of print: doi:10.1136/gut.2008.168948.
• Erlandson KM, Allshouse AA, Jankowski CM, Lee EJ, Rufner KM, Palmer BE, Wilson CC, MaWhinney S, Kohrt WM, Campbell TB. Association of functional impairment with inflammation and immune activation in HIV type 1-infected adults receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis. 2013 Jul 15;208(2):249-59. PubMed PMID: 23559466
• 27. John A. Mengshol, Lucy Golden-Mason, Nicole Castelblanco, KyungAh Im, Stephanie M. Dillion, Cara C. Wilson, Hugo R. Rosen for the Virahep-C Study Group. Dendritic Cell Chemokine Receptor Expression and Functional Chemotaxis in Chronic HCV: Associations with Antiviral Treatment Outcomes. Gut, Jul;58(7):964-73.2009.
• 28. Rawleigh Howe, Stephanie Dillon, Lisa Rogers, Martin McCarter, Caleb Kelly, Ricardo Gonzalez, and Cara C. Wilson. Evidence for Dendritic Cell-Dependent CD4+ T Helper-1 Type Responses to Commensal Bacteria in Normal Human Intestinal Lamina Propria. Clin Immunol. 2009 Jan 25.
• Kristoff J, Haret-Richter G, Ma D, Ribeiro RM, Xu C, Cornell E, Stock JL, He T, Mobley AD, Ross S, Trichel A, Wilson C, Tracy R, Landay A, Apetrei C, Pandrea I. Early microbial translocation blockade reduces SIV-mediated inflammation and viral replication. J Clin Invest. 2014 May 16. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 24837437
• 29. Baumgartner JM, Gonzalez R, Lewis KD, Robinson WA, Richter DA, Palmer BE, Wilson CC, McCarter MD. Increased survival from stage IV melanoma associated with fewer regulatory T Cells. J Surg Res. 2009 Jun 1;154(1):13-20.
• 30. S.M. Dillon, L.M. Rogers, R. Howe, L. A. Hostetler, J. Buhrman, M.D. McCarter and C.C. Wilson. Stimulating human lamina propria CD1c+ dendritic cells through TLR7/8 alters intestinal immune homeostasis by inducing IL-23 production. In press, J Immunology.
• 26. Rawleigh Howe, Stephanie Dillon, Lisa Rogers, Brent Palmer, Samantha MaWhinney, Naomi Blyveis, Rick Schlichtemeier, Michelle D’Souza, Laura Ingoldby, Jeri E.F. Harwood, Cornelis Rietmeijer, Graham Ray, Elizabeth Connick, and Cara C. Wilson. Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of HIV-1-specific CD4+CD8+ Double Positive T cells in Early and Chronic HIV-1 Infection. JAIDS, Apr 15;50(5):444-56 2009.
• Dillon, S.M., Rogers, L.M, Howe, R., Hostetler, L.A., Buhrman, J., McCarter, M.D. and Wilson, C.C. (2010). Human intestinal lamina propria CD1c+ dendritic cells display an activated phenotype at steady state and produce IL-23 in response to TLR7/8 stimulation. J. Immunol. 184: 6612-6621.
• Pandrea I, Xu C, Stock JL, Frank DN, Ma D, Policicchio BB, He T, Kristoff J, Cornell E, Haret-Richter GS, Trichel A, Ribeiro RM, Tracy R, Wilson C, Landay AL, Apetrei C. Antibiotic and Antiinflammatory Therapy Transiently Reduces Inflammation and Hypercoagulation in Acutely SIV-Infected Pigtailed Macaques. PLoS Pathog. 2016 Jan;12(1):e1005384. PubMed PMID: 26764484
• Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Donovan AM, Guo K, Harper MS, Frank DN, McCarter MD, Santiago ML, Wilson CC. Enhancement of HIV-1 infection and intestinal CD4 T cell depletion ex vivo by gut microbes altered during chronic HIV-1 infection. Retrovirology. 2016 Jan 14;13(1):5. PubMed PMID: 26762145
• Dillon, S.M, Friedlander, L.J, Rogers, L.M, Meditz, A.L, Folkvord, J.M, Connick, E., Martin D. McCarter, M.D and Wilson, C.C (2011.) Blood Myeloid Dendritic Cells from HIV-1-infected Individuals Display a Pro-apoptotic Profile Characterized by Decreased Bcl-2 levels and by Caspase-3+ Frequencies that are Associated with Levels of Plasma Viremia and T Cell Activation in an Exploratory Study. J. Virol. 85: 397-409.
• Jacobson JM, Zheng L, Wilson CC, Tebas P, Matining RM, Egan MA, Eldridge J, Landay AL, Clifford DB, Luetkemeyer AF, Tiu J, Martinez AL, Janik J, Spitz TA, Hural J, McElrath J, Frahm N. The Safety and Immunogenicity of an Interleukin-12-Enhanced Multiantigen DNA Vaccine Delivered by Electroporation for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016 Feb 1;71(2):163-71. PubMed PMID: 26761518
• Kassu A, Marcus RA, D’Souza M, Kelly-McKnight E, Akkina R, Fontenot A, Wilson, CC, and Palmer, BE. Regulation of virus-specific CD4+ T cell function by multiple costimulatory receptors during chronic HIV infection. J Immunol. 2010 Sep 1;185(5):3007-18. Epub 2010 Jul 23)
• Harper MS, Guo K, Gibbert K, Lee EJ, Dillon SM, Barrett BS, McCarter MD, Hasenkrug KJ, Dittmer U, Wilson CC, Santiago ML. Interferon-a Subtypes in an Ex Vivo Model of Acute HIV-1 Infection: Expression, Potency and Effector Mechanisms. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Nov;11(11):e1005254. PubMed PMID: 26529416
• Erlandson KM, Allshouse AA, Rapaport E, Palmer BE, Wilson CC, Weinberg A, MaWhinney S, Campbell TB. Physical function impairment of older, HIV-infected adults is associated with cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin response. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2015 Sep;31(9):905-12. PubMed PMID: 26061347
• 65. Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Kotter CV, Austin GL, Gianella S, Siewe B, Smith DM, Landay AL, McManus MC, Robertson CE, Frank DN, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Gut dendritic cell activation links an altered colonic microbiome to mucosal and systemic T-cell activation in untreated HIV-1 infection. Mucosal Immunol. 2016 Jan;9(1):24-37. doi: 10.1038/mi.2015.33. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
• 61. Castillo-Mancilla JR1, Meditz A, Wilson C, Zheng JH, Palmer BE, Lee EJ, Gardner EM, Seifert S, Kerr B, Bushman LR, MaWhinney S, Anderson PL.Reduced Immune Activation During Tenofovir-Emtricitabine Therapy in HIV-Negative Individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015 Apr 15;68(5):495-501.
• The presence of commensal bacteria enhances HIV-1 infection of human lamina propria T cells. Stephanie Dillon, Martin McCarter, Cara C. Wilson. Poster at10th Annual Colorado Immunology Conference, Glenwood Springs, CO, USA.
• Liu J, Williams B, Frank D, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Landay AL. Inside Out: HIV, the Gut Microbiome, and the Mucosal Immune System. J Immunol. 2017 Jan 15;198(2):605-614. PubMed PMID: 28069756
• Pro-inflammatory Blood Myeloid Dendritic Cell Cytokine Responses to Commensal Enteric Bacteria are Regulated by IL-10. Jennifer Manuzak, Stephanie Dillon, Lisa Rogers, Toni Schwarz, Miriam Estin, Cara Wilson. Poster at10th Annual Colorado Immunology Conference, Glenwood Springs, CO, USA.
• Dillon SM, Kibbie J, Lee EJ, Guo K, Santiago ML, Austin GL, Gianella S, Landay AL, Donovan AM, Frank DN, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Low abundance of colonic butyrate-producing bacteria in HIV infection is associated with microbial translocation and immune activation. AIDS. 2017 Feb 20;31(4):511-521. PubMed PMID: 28002063
• Coagulation and Inflammation Biomarkers Predict Disease Progression in SIV-infected Nonhuman Primates. Ivona Pandrea, Cara Wilson, Ruy Ribeiro, Cristian Apetrei, Alan Landay, Russell Tracy. Selected for oral presentation, 28th Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primate Models, October 19-22, 2010, New Orleans, Louisiana.
• Dillon SM, Frank DN, Wilson CC. The gut microbiome and HIV-1 pathogenesis: a two-way street. AIDS. 2016 Nov 28;30(18):2737-2751. PubMed PMID: 27755100
• Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Donovan AM, Guo K, Harper MS, Frank DN, McCarter MD, Santiago ML, Wilson CC. Enhancement of HIV-1 infection and intestinal CD4 T cell depletion ex vivo by gut microbes altered during chronic HIV-1 infection. Retrovirology. 2016 Jan 14;13:5. PubMed PMID: 26762145
• Commensal Escherichia coli Bacteria Enhance HIV-1 Replication and Infection of IL-17-producing CD4 T cells in Human Intestinal Lamina Propria Mononuclear Cell Cultures. Stephanie Dillon, Lisa Rogers, Jennifer Manuzak, Martin McCarter & Cara Wilson. 18th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA. 2011.
• Lavender KJ, Gibbert K, Peterson KE, Van Dis E, Francois S, Woods T, Messer RJ, Gawanbacht A, Müller JA, Münch J, Phillips K, Race B, Harper MS, Guo K, Lee EJ, Trilling M, Hengel H, Piehler J, Verheyen J, Wilson CC, Santiago ML, Hasenkrug KJ, Dittmer U. Interferon Alpha Subtype-Specific Suppression of HIV-1 Infection In Vivo. J Virol. 2016 Jul 1;90(13):6001-13. PubMed PMID: 27099312
• HIV Infection Alters the Peripheral Blood Cytokine Response to Innate Stimulation with Escherichia coli and TLR7/8 Ligand. Jennifer Manuzak, Stephanie Dillon, Cara Wilson. 18th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA. 2011.
• Jacobson JM, Bosinger SE, Kang M, Belaunzaran-Zamudio P, Matining RM, Wilson CC, Flexner C, Clagett B, Plants J, Read S, Purdue L, Myers L, Boone L, Tebas P, Kumar P, Clifford D, Douek D, Silvestri G, Landay AL, Lederman MM. The Effect of Chloroquine on Immune Activation and Interferon Signatures Associated with HIV-1. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2016 Jul;32(7):636-47. PubMed PMID: 26935044
• Results from a Single Arm Study of Darunavir/Ritonavir Plus Raltegravir in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1-Infected Patients (ACTG A5262. Babafemi Taiwo, Summer Zheng, Sebastien Gallien, Roy Matining, Daniel Kuritzkes, Cara Wilson, Baiba Berzins, Ed Acosta, Peter Kim, Joseph Eron. 18th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA. 2011.
• Pandrea I, Xu C, Stock JL, Frank DN, Ma D, Policicchio BB, He T, Kristoff J, Cornell E, Haret-Richter GS, Trichel A, Ribeiro RM, Tracy R, Wilson C, Landay AL, Apetrei C. Antibiotic and Antiinflammatory Therapy Transiently Reduces Inflammation and Hypercoagulation in Acutely SIV-Infected Pigtailed Macaques. PLoS Pathog. 2016 Jan 14;12(1):e1005384. PubMed PMID: 26764484
• Jacobson JM, Zheng L, Wilson CC, Tebas P, Matining RM, Egan MA, Eldridge J, Landay AL, Clifford DB, Luetkemeyer AF, Tiu J, Martinez AL, Janik J, Spitz TA, Hural J, McElrath J, Frahm N. The Safety and Immunogenicity of an Interleukin-12-Enhanced Multiantigen DNA Vaccine Delivered by Electroporation for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016 Feb 1;71(2):163-71. PubMed PMID: 26761518
• CD28-Negative CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in ART-Naive HIV-Infected Adults Enrolled on ACTG Studies: DACS 266. Katherine Tassiopoulos, Alan Landay, Ann Collier, Elizabeth Connick, Steven Deeks, Peter Hunt, Dorothy Lewis, Cara Wilson, Ronald Bosch. 18th Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA. 2011.
• Dillon SM, Lee EJ, Kotter CV, Austin GL, Gianella S, Siewe B, Smith DM, Landay AL, McManus MC, Robertson CE, Frank DN, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Gut dendritic cell activation links an altered colonic microbiome to mucosal and systemic T-cell activation in untreated HIV-1 infection. Mucosal Immunol. 2016 Jan;9(1):24-37. PubMed PMID: 25921339
• Dillon S.M, Santiago M.L and Wilson C.C (2016). HIV-1 Pathogenesis in the Gut. Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 T.J. Hope et al. (eds.) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_463.
• Dillon SM, Castleman MJ, Frank DN, Austin GL, Gianella S, Cogswell AC, Landay AL, Barker E, Wilson CC. Brief Report: Inflammatory Colonic Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Increased During Untreated HIV-1 Infection and Associated With Markers of Gut Dysbiosis and Mucosal Immune Activation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017 Dec 1;76(4):431-437. PubMed PMID: 28825942
• 15. Ivona Pandrea, Elaine Cornell, Cara Wilson, Ruy M. Ribeiro, Dongzhu Ma, Jan Kristoff, Cuiling Xu, George S. Haret-Richter, Anita Trichel, Cristian Apetrei, Alan Landay and Russell Tracy. Coagulation biomarkers predict disease progression in SIV-infected nonhuman primates. Blood 2012, Aug 16;120(7):1357-66.
• Liu J, Williams B, Frank D, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Landay AL. Inside Out: HIV, the Gut Microbiome, and the Mucosal Immune System. J Immunol. 2017 Jan 15;198(2):605-614. PubMed PMID: 28069756
• 14. Jennifer Manuzak, Stephanie Dillon, Cara Wilson. Differential IL-10 and IL-23 production by human blood monocytes and dendritic cells in response to commensal enteric bacteria. Clin Vaccine Immunology 2012, Aug;19(8):1207-17.
• 13. Stephanie M. Dillon, Jennifer A. Manuzak, Amanda K. Leone, Eric J. Lee, Lisa M. Rogers, Martin D. McCarter, Cara C. Wilson. HIV-1 infection of human intestinal lamina propria CD4+ T cells in vitro is enhanced by exposure to commensal Escherichia coli. J Immunology 2012, Jul 15;189(2):885-96.
• 12. Katherine Tassiopoulos, Alan Landay, Ann C. Collier, Elizabeth Connick, Steven G. Deeks, Peter Hunt, Dorothy E. Lewis, Cara Wilson, Ronald Bosch. CD28-Negative CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in ART-Naïve HIV-Infected Adults Enrolled in ACTG Studies. J Infect Dis. 2012, Apr 20.
• Associations of T cell Activation and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Virologic Response to Darunavir/ritonavir plus Raltegravir Therapy Author(s): Taiwo, Babafemi; Matining, Roy; Zheng, Lu; Lederman, Michael; Rinaldo, Charles; Kim, Peter; Berzins, Baiba; Kuritzkes, Dan; Jennings, Amy; Eron, Joseph; Wilson, Cara In press at Journal of Antimicrobial Therapy
• 1. Kristine M Erlandson, Amanda A Allshouse, Catherine M Jankowski, Eric J Lee, Kevin M Rufner, Brent Palmer, Cara C Wilson, Samantha MaWhinney, Wendy M Kohrt, Thomas B Campbell. Association of Functional Impairment with Inflammation and Immune Activation in HIV-1-Infected Adults on Effective Antiretroviral Therapy. In press at JID, 2013.
• Dillon SM, Kibbie J, Lee EJ, Guo K, Santiago ML, Austin GL, Gianella S, Landay AL, Donovan AM, Frank DN, McCARTER MD, Wilson CC. Low abundance of colonic butyrate-producing bacteria in HIV infection is associated with microbial translocation and immune activation. AIDS. 2017 Feb 20;31(4):511-521. PubMed PMID: 28002063
• Yoder AC, Guo K, Dillon SM, Phang T, Lee EJ, Harper MS, Helm K, Kappes JC, Ochsenbauer C, McCarter MD, Wilson CC, Santiago ML. The transcriptome of HIV-1 infected intestinal CD4 T cells exposed to enteric bacteria. PLoS Pathog. 2017 Feb;13(2):e1006226. PubMed PMID: 28241075
• Williams B, Boucher C, Bushman F, Carrington-Lawrence S, Collman R, Dandekar S, Dang Q, Malaspina A, Paredes R, Wilson C, Nowak P, Klatt N, Lagenaur L, Landay A. A Summary of the Third Annual HIV Microbiome Workshop. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2018 Oct;34(10):828-834. PubMed PMID: 30105916
• Dillon SM, Guo K, Austin GL, Gianella S, Engen PA, Mutlu EA, Losurdo J, Swanson G, Chakradeo P, Keshavarzian A, Landay AL, Santiago ML, Wilson CC. A compartmentalized type I interferon response in the gut during chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with immunopathogenesis. AIDS. 2018 Jul 31;32(12):1599-1611. PubMed PMID: 29762170
• Angelidou K, Hunt PW, Landay AL, Wilson CC, Rodriguez B, Deeks SG, Bosch RJ, Lederman MM. Changes in Inflammation but Not in T-Cell Activation Precede Non-AIDS-Defining Events in a Case-Control Study of Patients on Long-term Antiretroviral Therapy. J Infect Dis. 2018 Jun 20;218(2):239-248. PubMed PMID: 29309629
• Dillon SM, Liu J, Purba CM, Christians AJ, Kibbie JJ, Castleman MJ, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Age-related alterations in human gut CD4 T cell phenotype, T helper cell frequencies, and functional responses to enteric bacteria. J Leukoc Biol. 2019 Oct 1;. doi: 10.1002/JLB.5A0919-177RR. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 31573727.
• Castleman MJ, Dillon SM, Purba CM, Cogswell AC, Kibbie JJ, McCarter MD, Santiago ML, Barker E, Wilson CC. Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria Indirectly Induce IL-22 but not IFN? Production from Human Colonic ILC3s via Multiple Mechanisms. Front Immunol. 2019; 10:649 PMID 30984202
• Castleman MJ, Dillon SM, Purba C, Cogswell AC, McCarter M, Barker E, Wilson C. Enteric bacteria induce IFN? and Granzyme B from human colonic Group 1 Innate Lymphoid Cells. Gut Microbes. 2019 Oct 4;1-17. PMID: 31583949.
• Liu J, Johnson R, Dillon S, Kroehl M, Frank DN, Tuncil YE, Zhang X, Ir D, Robertson CE, Seifert S, Higgins J, Hamaker B, Wilson CC, Erlandson KM. Among older adults, age-related changes in the stool microbiome differ by HIV-1 serostatus. EBioMedicine. 2019 40:583-594. PMID 30685386.
• Liu J, Johnson R, Dillon S, Kroehl M, Frank DN, Tuncil YE, Zhang X, Ir D, Robertson CE, Seifert S, Higgins J, Hamaker B, Wilson CC, Erlandson KM. Among older adults, age-related changes in the stool microbiome differ by HIV-1 serostatus. EBioMedicine. 2019 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30685386
• Tuddenham SA, Koay WLA, Zhao N, White JR, Ghanem KG, Sears CL; HIV Microbiome Re-analysis Consortium*. The Impact of HIV Infection on Gut Microbiota Alpha-Diversity: An Individual Level Meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 28. pii: ciz258. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz258. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30921452.
• He T, Xu C, Krampe N, Dillon SM, Sette P, Falwell E, Haret-Richter GS, Butterfield T, Dunsmore TL, Jr WMM, Martin KJ, Policicchio BB, Raehtz KD, Penn EP, Tracy RP, Ribeiro RM, Frank DN, Wilson CC, Landay AL, Apetrei C, Pandrea I. High-fat diet exacerbates SIV pathogenesis and accelerates disease progression. J Clin Invest. 2019 Nov 11;. doi: 10.1172/JCI121208. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31710311.
• Canfield GS, Bock A, Mann S, Zimmer S, Somerset H, Franco-Paredes C, Wilson CC, Metter RB. A 31-year-old Micronesian Man With Shoulder Fungating Mass. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 14;70(5):973-975. PubMed PMID: 32055859
• Williams B, Ghosh M, Boucher CAB, Bushman F, Carrington-Lawrence S, Collman R, Dandekar S, Dang Q, Malaspina A, Paredes R, Wilson C, Pinto-Cardoso S, Lagenaur L, Santos J, Joy C, Landay A. A summary of the fourth annual Virology Education HIV Microbiome workshop. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2020 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31914785
• Dillon SM, Wilson CC. What is the collective effect of aging and HIV on the gut microbiome?. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2020 Mar;15(2):94-100. PubMed PMID: 31876548
• Dillon SM, Thompson TA, Christians AJ, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults. Immun Ageing. 2021 Feb 13;18(1):6. PubMed PMID: 33581731
• • Guo K, Shen G, Kibbie J, Gonzalez T, Dillon SM, Smith HA, Cooper EH, Lavender K, Hasenkrug KJ, Sutter K, Dittmer U, Kroehl M, Kechris K, Wilson CC, Santiago ML. Qualitative Differences Between the IFNa subtypes and IFNß Influence Chronic Mucosal HIV-1 Pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog. 2020 (10):e1008986. PMID: 33064743.
• Dillon SM and Wilson CC. Gut Innate Immunity and HIV Pathogenesis. Curr. HIV/AIDS Reports (accepted for publication).
• Dillon SM, Wilson CC. Gut Innate Immunity and HIV Pathogenesis. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2021 Apr;18(2):128-138. PubMed PMID: 33687703
• Dillon SM, Thompson TA, Christians AJ, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults. Immun Ageing. 2021 Feb 13;18(1):6. PubMed PMID: 33581731
• Dillon SM, Abdo MH, Wilson MP, Liu J, Jankowski CM, Robertson CE, Tuncil Y, Hamaker B, Frank DN, MaWhinney S, Wilson CC, Erlandson KM. A Unique Gut Microbiome-Physical Function Axis Exists in Older People with HIV: An Exploratory Study. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2021 Jul;37(7):542-550. PubMed PMID: 33787299
• Erlandson KM, Wilson MP, MaWhinney S, Rapaport E, Liu J, Wilson CC, Rahkola JT, Janoff EN, Brown TT, Campbell TB, Jankowski CM. The Impact of Moderate or High-Intensity Combined Exercise on Systemic Inflammation among Older Persons with and without HIV. J Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 32779711
• Castleman MJ, Dillon SM, Thompson TA, Santiago ML, McCarter MD, Barker E and Wilson CC. Gut Bacteria Induce Granzyme B Expression in Human Colonic ILC3s In Vitro in an IL-15-Dependent Manner. J. Immunol. 2021; Jun 11;ji2000239. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000239. Online ahead of print.
• Erlandson KM, Liu J, Johnson R, Dillon S, Jankowski CM, Kroehl M, Robertson CE, Frank DN, Tuncil Y, Higgins J, Hamaker B, Wilson CC. An exercise intervention alters stool microbiota and metabolites among older, sedentary adults. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2021 Jan-Dec;8:20499361211027067. PubMed PMID: 34262758
• Kibbie JJ, Dillon SM, Thompson TA, Purba CM, McCarter MD, Wilson CC. Butyrate directly decreases human gut lamina propria CD4 T cell function through histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and GPR43 signaling. Immunobiology. 2021 Sep;226(5):152126. PubMed PMID: 34365090
• Erlandson KM, Wilson MP, MaWhinney S, Rapaport E, Liu J, Wilson CC, Rahkola JT, Janoff EN, Brown TT, Campbell TB, Jankowski CM. The Impact of Moderate or High-Intensity Combined Exercise on Systemic Inflammation Among Older Persons With and Without HIV. J Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 8;223(7):1161-1170. PubMed PMID: 32779711
• Jones ST, Guo K, Cooper EH, Dillon SM, Wood C, Nguyen DH, Shen G, Barrett BS, Frank DN, Kroehl M, Janoff EN, Kechris K, Wilson CC, Santiago ML. Altered Immunoglobulin Repertoire and Decreased IgA Somatic Hypermutation in the Gut during Chronic HIV-1 Infection. J Virol. 2022 Sep 14;96(17):e0097622. PubMed PMID: 35938870
• Dillon SM, Mickens KL, Thompson TA, Cooper EH, Nesladek S, Christians AJ, Castleman M, Guo K, Wood C, Frank DN, Kechris K, Santiago ML, Wilson CC. Granzyme B( ) CD4 T cells accumulate in the colon during chronic HIV-1 infection. Gut Microbes. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2045852. PubMed PMID: 35258402
• Galbraith MD, Kinning KT, Sullivan KD, Araya P, Smith KP, Granrath RE, Shaw JR, Baxter R, Jordan KR, Russell S, Dzieciatkowska M, Reisz JA, Gamboni F, Cendali F, Ghosh T, Guo K, Wilson CC, Santiago ML, Monte AA, Bennett TD, Hansen KC, Hsieh EWY, D'Alessandro A, Espinosa JM. Specialized interferon action in COVID-19. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Mar 15;119(11). PubMed PMID: 35217532
• • Dopkins N, Fei T, Michael S, Liotta N, Guo K, Mickens KL, Barrett BS, Bendall ML, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Santiago ML, Nixon DF. Endogenous Retroelement Expression in the Gut Microenvironment of People Living with HIV-1 by Dr. Nicholas Dopkins. Submitted to eBioMedicine
• Seymour BJ, Trent B, Allen BE, Berlinberg AJ, Tangchittsumran J, Jubair WK, Chriswell ME, Liu S, Ornelas A, Stahly A, Alexeev EE, Dowdell AS, Sneed SL, Fechtner S, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Anthony RM, Frank DN, Colgan SP, Kuhn KA. Microbiota-dependent indole production stimulates the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J Clin Invest. 2023 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 38113112

Professional Memberships

• Association of American Medical Colleges, Member
• Society of Mucosal Immunology, Member
• American Association of Immunology, Member
• AIDS Clinical Trials Group, Member
• HIV and Aging Working Group, Member
• Society for Leukocyte Biology, Member

Practice Locations

UCHealth University of Colorado Hospital (UCH)
12605 E. 16th Ave
Aurora, CO 80045
720-848-0000

Hospital Affiliation

• University of Colorado Hospital

Specialty Information

Specialties

• Internal Medicine, Board Certification
• Infectious Disease, Board Certification (2018)
• Colorado Medical License, License (1998)

Conditions & Treatments

• Infections - Viral Infections
• Infections - Sexually Transmitted Diseases
• Immune System
• Infections