Sandra Spencer, MD

Professional Titles

• Associate Professor

Research Interests

Publications

• Eismann EA, Shapiro RA, Thackeray J, Makoroff K, Bressler CJ, Kim GJ, Vavul-Roediger L, McPherson P, Izsak E, Spencer SP. Providers' Ability to Identify Sentinel Injuries Concerning for Physical Abuse in Infants. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2021 May 1;37(5):e230-e235. PubMed PMID: 30095596
• Reynolds MS, Spencer SP, Dunaway A, Buckingham D, Bartman T. Scientific Approach to Assess if Change Led to Improvement-Methods for Statistical Process Control Analysis in Quality Improvement. J Emerg Nurs. 2021 Jan;47(1):198-205. PubMed PMID: 33397579
• Bennett BL, Scherzer D, Gold D, Buckingham D, McClain A, Hill E, Andoh A, Christman J, Shonk A, Spencer SP. Optimizing Rapid Sequence Intubation for Medical and Trauma Patients in the Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2020 Sep-Oct;5(5):e353. PubMed PMID: 33062904
• Reynolds MS, Dunaway A, Stevens C, Shoemaker D, Buckingham D, Spencer SP. Triage Standing Orders Decrease Time to Antibiotics in Neonates in Pediatric Emergency Department. J Emerg Nurs. 2020 Nov;46(6):768-778. PubMed PMID: 32981747
• Spencer SP, Lauden S, Wilson S, Philip A, Kasick R, Mahan JD, Fernandes AK. Meeting the challenge of teaching bioethics: a successful residency curricula utilizing Team-Based Learning. Ann Med. 2022 Dec;54(1):359-368. PubMed PMID: 35114873
• Jamieson N, Akande M, Karsies T, Smith RM, Kline D, Spencer SP. Respiratory Pathogen Detection in Pediatric Patients Intubated for Presumed Infection. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2022 Jan 1;38(1):e398-e403. PubMed PMID: 33201137
• Fernandes AK, Wilson S, Kasick R, Humphrey L, Mahan J, Spencer S. Team-Based Learning in Bioethics Education: Creating a Successful Curriculum for Residents in an Era of "Curricular Squeeze". Med Sci Educ. 2020 Mar;30(1):649-658. PubMed PMID: 34457718
• Dunn M, Savoie K, Erdem G, Dykes MW, Buckingham D, Spencer S, Besner G, Kenney B. Quality improvement methodology can reduce hospitalisation for abscess management. Emerg Med J. 2022 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 35017188
• Balch Samora J, Spencer SP, Valleru J, Bartman T, Brilli RJ, Davis M, Davis JT, McClead R, Crandall W. Writing Group Increases Quality Improvement Writing Competency. Am J Med Qual. 2020 Jul Aug;35(4):349-354. PubMed PMID: 31718231
• Miller BS, Spencer SP, Geffner ME, Gourgari E, Lahoti A, Kamboj MK, Stanley TL, Uli NK, Wicklow BA, Sarafoglou K. Emergency management of adrenal insufficiency in children: advocating for treatment options in outpatient and field settings. J Investig Med. 2020 Jan;68(1):16-25. PubMed PMID: 30819831
• Thackeray JD, Crichton KG, McPherson P, Izsak E, Vavul-Roediger L, Kim G, Spencer S, Baker C, Eismann EA, Shapiro RA. Identification of Initial and Subsequent Injury in Young Infants: Opportunities for Quality Improvement in the Evaluation of Child Abuse. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2022 Jun 1;38(6):e1279-e1284. PubMed PMID: 35504033
• Wagner TL, Dunn MW, Iyer MS, Buckingham D, Spencer SP. A Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase the Number of Pediatric Resident Laceration Repairs. J Grad Med Educ. 2020 Feb;12(1):51-57. PubMed PMID: 32089794
• Gable CJ, Spencer SP, Middelberg LK, Scherzer DJ, Suer M, Casavant MJ. Pediatric exploratory ingestions involving novel pill pack packaging. Am J Emerg Med. 2022 Mar;53:282.e1-282.e3. PubMed PMID: 34538528
• Pittsenbarger Z, Thurm C, Neuman M, Spencer S, Simon H, Gosdin C, Shah S, McClead R Jr, Stack A, Alpern E. Hospital-Level Factors Associated with Pediatric Emergency Department Return Visits. J Hosp Med. 2017 Jul;12(7):536-543. PubMed PMID: 28699942
• Spencer S, Nypaver M, Hebert K, Benner C, Stanley R, Cohen D, Rogers A, Goldstick J, Mahajan P. Successful emergency department interventions that reduce time to antibiotics in febrile pediatric cancer patients. BMJ Qual Improv Rep. 2017;6(1). PubMed PMID: 28321299
• Tyler A, Dempsey A, Spencer S, Freeman J, McGwire G, Marsh R, Morris MA. Do the Guidelines Apply?-A Multisite, Combined Stakeholder Qualitative Case Study to Understand Care Decisions in Bronchiolitis. Acad Pediatr. 2022 Jul;22(5):806-817. PubMed PMID: 34375754
• Spencer SP, Stoner MJ, Kelleher K, Cohen DM. Using a Multimedia Presentation to Enhance Informed Consent in a Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2015 Aug;31(8):572-6. PubMed PMID: 26221786
• Spencer SP, Brock TD, Matthews RR, Stevens WK. Three unique presentations of atraumatic spinal cord infarction in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014 May;30(5):354-7. PubMed PMID: 24786993
• Akenroye AT, Thurm CW, Neuman MI, Alpern ER, Srivastava G, Spencer SP, Simon HK, Tejedor-Sojo J, Gosdin CH, Brennan E, Gottlieb LM, Gay JC, McClead RE, Shah SS, Stack AM. Prevalence and predictors of return visits to pediatric emergency departments. J Hosp Med. 2014 Dec;9(12):779-87. PubMed PMID: 25338705
• Spencer SP, Shields BJ, Smith GA. Childhood bathtub-related injuries: slip and fall prevalence and prevention. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2005 May;44(4):311-8. PubMed PMID: 15864363
• Grubenhoff JA, Bakel LA, Dominguez F, Leonard J, Widmer K, Sanders JS, Spencer SP, Stein JM, Searns JB. Clinical Pathway Adherence and Missed Diagnostic Opportunities Among Children with Musculoskeletal Infections. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2023 Oct;49(10):547-556. PubMed PMID: 37495472
• Greene HM, Letson MM, Spencer SP, Dolan K, Foster J, Crichton KG. Recognizing Nonaccidental Trauma in a Pediatric Tertiary Hospital: A Quality Improvement Imperative. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2023 Mar-Apr;8(2):e644. PubMed PMID: 37051404
• Crichton KG, Spencer S, Shapiro R, McPherson P, Izsak E, McDavid LM, Baker C, Thackeray JD. Timely Recognition of Abusive Injuries (TRAIN): Results from a Statewide Quality Improvement Collaborative. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2023 Mar-Apr;8(2):e637. PubMed PMID: 37051406
• Jones C, Mitzman J, Spencer S, Lo CB, Mahan JD, Stein D. Barriers and Facilitators to Pediatric Resident Education in the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study. Cureus. 2023 Jun;15(6):e40142. PubMed PMID: 37425526
• Lam D, Braund C, Schmidt S, Johnson B, Spencer SP, Agbim C. How Super Is Supertrack? Expediting Care of Fast-track Patients through a Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatr Qual Saf. 2024 Sep-Oct;9(5):e770. PubMed PMID: 39297027
• Ross HL, Spencer SP, Ertle T, Watkins A, Feldman M, Massanari D, Johnson B, Wiersma AJ. Fast Track Improves Patient Flow and Wait Times in the Pediatric Urgent Care: A Quality Improvement Project. J Urgent Care Med. 2024; 18(10):26-33
• Koff A Spencer SP. Diabetes Insipidus. In: Hoffman RJ, Wang VJ, Vu TT, Okada P, eds. Fleisher & Ludwig’s 5-Minute Pediatric Emergency Medicine Consult. 3rd ed. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, PA; 2024: 198-199.
• Oh AS*, Spencer SP. Trauma, Scrotal and Penile. In: Hoffman RJ, Wang VJ, Vu TT, Okada P, eds. Fleisher & Ludwig’s 5-Minute Pediatric Emergency Medicine Consult. 3rd ed. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, PA; 2024: 944-945
• Spencer SP. Bacteremia. In: Hoffman RJ, Wang VJ, Vu TT, Okada P, eds. Fleisher & Ludwig’s 5-Minute Pediatric Emergency Medicine Consult. 3rd ed. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, PA; 2024: 62-63.
• Spencer SP. Tenosynovitis. In: Hoffman RJ, Wang VJ, Vu TT, Okada P, eds. Fleisher & Ludwig’s 5-Minute Pediatric Emergency Medicine Consult. 3rd ed. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, PA; 2024: 882-883.

Professional Memberships

• American Academy of Pediatrics, Fellow

Practice Locations

• Children's Hospital Colorado

Specialty Information

• Pediatrics, Board Certification (2009)
• Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Board Certification (2013)

• Emergency Care