Cindy Firnhaber, MD

Publications

• Mokhele I, Evans D, Schnippel K, Swarts A, Smith JS, Firnhaber C. Awareness, perceived risk and practices related to cervical cancer and Pap smear screening: A cross-sectional study among HIV-positive women attending an urban HIV clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. S Afr Med J. 2016 Dec 1;106(12):1247-1253. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106.i12.11224.PMID:27917772
• . Schnippel K, Berhanu RH, Black A, Firnhaber C, Maitisa N, Evans D, Sinanovic E. Severe adverse events during second-line tuberculosis treatment in the context of high HIV Co-infection in South Africa: a retrospective study. BMC Infec Dis. 2016 oct 21;16(1):593. PMID:27769174
• Fox MP, Berhanu R, Steegen K, Firnhaber C, Ive P, Spencer D, Mashamaite S, Sheik S, Jonker I, Howell P, Long L, Evans D. Intensive adherence counselling for HIV-infected individuals failing second-line antiretroviral therapy in Johannesburg, South Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2016 Jul 7. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12741. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 27383454
• Papasavvas E, Surrey LF, Glencross DK, Azzoni L, Joseph J, Omar T, Feldman MD, Williamson AL, Siminya M, Swarts A, Yin X, Liu Q, Firnhaber C, Montaner LJ. High-risk oncogenic HPV genotype infection associates with increased immune activation and T cell exhaustion in ART-suppressed HIV-1-infected women. Oncoimmunology. 2016 Jan 19;5(5):e1128612. eCollection 2016 May PMID: 27467943
• Michelow P, Firnhaber C. HPV vaccination in Southern Africa: A jab of hope in the fight against cervical cancer. Cancer Cytopathol. 2016 May 6. Doi: 10.1002/cncy.21738 [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID: 27182785
• Castillo-Mancilla JR, Aquilante CL, Wempe MF, Smeaton LM, Firnhaber C, LaRosa AM, Kumarasamy N, Andrade A, Baheti G. Fletcher CV, Campbell TB, Haas DW, MaWhinney S, Anderson PL. Pharmacogenetics of unboosted atazanavir in HIV-infected individuals in resource-limited settings: a sub-study of the AIDS Clinical Trials gRoup (ACTG) PEARLS study (NWCS 342). J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016 Feb 17. Pii: DKW005. [Epub ahead of print]
• Luetkemeyer AF, Firnhaber C, Kendall MA, Wu X, Mazurek GH, Benator DA, Arduino R, Fernandez M, Guy E, Johnson P, Metchock B, Sattler F, Telzak E, Wang YF, Weiner M, Swindells S, Sanne IM, Havlir DV, Grinszteijn B, Alland D; AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5295 and Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 34 Teams. Evaluation of Xpert MTB/RIF Versus AFB Smear and Culture to Identidy Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients With Suspected Tuberculosis From Low and Higher Prevalance Settings. Clin Inect dis. 2016 Feb 2. Pii: ciw035. [Epub ahead of print]
• Robertson K, Jiang H, Evans SR, Marra CM, Berzins B, Hakim J, Sacktor N, Silva MT, Campbell TB, Nair A, Schouten J; With the 5271 study team, Kumwenda J, Supparatpinyo K, Tripathy S, Kumarasamy N, la Rosa A, Montano S, Mwafongo A, Firnhaber C, Sanne I, Naini L, Amod F, Walawander A; AIDS Clinical Trials Group. International neurocognitive normative study: neurocognitive comparison data in diverse resource-limited settings: AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5271. J Neuroviral. 2016 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 26733457
• Firnhaber C, Goeieman B, Faesen M, Levin S, Williams S, Ramotshela S, Swarts A, Michelow P, Omar T, Williamson AL, Allan B, Schnippel K, Smith J. Prospective One Year Follow Up of HIV Infected Women Screened for Cervical Cancer Using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid, Cytology and Human Papillomavirus Testing in Johannesburg South Africa. PLoS One. 2016 Jan 5;11(1):e0144905. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144905. eCollection 2016. PMID: 26730710
• Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Conradie F, Ndjeka N, Sinanovic E. Incremental Cost Effectiveness of Bedaquiline for the Treatment of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa: Model-Based Analysis. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2017 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28980217
• Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Ndjeka N, Conradie F, Page-Shipp L, Berhanu R, Sinanovic E. Persistently high early mortality despite rapid diagnostics for drug-resistant tuberculosis cases in South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017 Oct 1;21(10):1106-1111. PubMed PMID: 28911353
• Firnhaber C, Swarts A, Goeieman B, Rakhombe N, Mulongo M, Williamson AL, Michelow P, Ramotshela S, Faesen M, Levin S, Wilkin T. Cryotherapy Reduces Progression of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 1 in South African HIV-Infected Women: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017 Dec 15;76(5):532-538. PubMed PMID: 28902073
• Mbulawa ZZA, Wilkin T, Goeieman BJ, Jong E, Michelow P, Swarts A, Smith JS, Kegorilwe P, Firnhaber CS, Williamson AL. Prevalence of Anal Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Performance of Cepheid Xpert and Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) HPV Assays in South African HIV-Infected Women. Am J Clin Pathol. 2017 Aug 1;148(2):148-153. PubMed PMID: 28898982
• Badal-Faesen S, Firnhaber C, Kendall MA, Wu X, Grinsztejn B, Escada RODS, Fernandez M, Hogg E, Sanne I, Johnson P, Alland D, Mazurek GH, Benator DA, Luetkemeyer AF. Impact of Larger Sputum Volume on Xpert(®) MTB/RIF Assay Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Smear-Negative Individuals with Suspected Tuberculosis. J Clin Med. 2017 Aug 7;6(8). PubMed PMID: 28783093
• Rayne S, Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Wright K, Kruger D, Benn CA. Fear of Treatments Surpasses Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors in Affecting Patients With Breast Cancer in Urban South Africa. J Glob Oncol. 2017 Apr;3(2):125-134. PubMed PMID: 28717750
• Rayne S, Schnippel K, Benn C, Kruger D, Wright K, Firnhaber C. The Effect of Access to Information on Beliefs Surrounding Breast Cancer in South Africa. J Cancer Educ. 2017 May 24. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28540645
• Celum C, Hong T, Cent A, Donnell D, Morrow R, Baeten JM, Firnhaber C, Grinsztejn B, Hosseinipour MC, Lalloo U, Nyirenda M, Riviere C, Sanchez J, Santos B, Supparatpinyo K, Hakim J, Kumarasamy N, Campbell TB. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Acquisition Among HIV-1-Infected Adults Treated With Tenofovir Disoproxyl Fumarate as Part of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: Results From the ACTG A5175 PEARLS Study. J Infect Dis. 2017 Mar 15;215(6):907-910. PubMed PMID: 28453835
• Rohner E, Sengayi M, Goeieman B, Michelow P, Firnhaber C, Maskew M, Bohlius J. Cervical cancer risk and impact of Pap-based screening in HIV-positive women on antiretroviral therapy in Johannesburg, South Africa. Int J Cancer. 2017 Aug 1;141(3):488-496. PubMed PMID: 28440019
• Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Berhanu R, Page-Shipp L, Sinanovic E. Adverse drug reactions during drug-resistant TB treatment in high HIV prevalence settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017 Jul 1;72(7):1871-1879. PubMed PMID: 28419314
• Smith JS, Sanusi B, Swarts A, Faesen M, Levin S, Goeieman B, Ramotshela S, Rakhombe N, Williamson AL, Michelow P, Omar T, Hudgens MG, Firnhaber C. A randomized clinical trial comparing cervical dysplasia treatment with cryotherapy vs loop electrosurgical excision procedure in HIV-seropositive women from Johannesburg, South Africa. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Aug;217(2):183.e1-183.e11. PubMed PMID: 28366730
• Goeieman BJ, Firnhaber CS, Jong E, Michelow P, Kegorilwe P, Swarts A, Williamson AL, Allan B, Smith JS, Wilkin TJ. Prevalence of Anal HPV and Anal Dysplasia in HIV-Infected Women From Johannesburg, South Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017 Jul 1;75(3):e59-e64. PubMed PMID: 28141783
• Rayne S, Lince-Deroche N, Hendrickson C, Shearer K, Moyo F, Michelow P, Rubin G, Benn C, Firnhaber C. Characterizing breast conditions at an open-access breast clinic in South Africa: a model that is more than cancer care for a resource-limited setting. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Jan 21;17(1):63. PubMed PMID: 28109290
• Godfrey C, Firnhaber CS, D'Souza G, Heard I. Anal dysplasia in HIV-infected women: a commentary on the field. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 May;28(6):543-549. PubMed PMID: 26538554
• Papasavvas E, Kossenkov AV, Azzoni L, Zetola NM, Mackiewicz A, Ross BN, Fair M, Vadrevu S, Ramogola-Masire D, Sanne I, Firnhaber C, Montaner LJ. Gene expression profiling informs HPV cervical histopathology but not recurrence/relapse after LEEP in ART-suppressed HIV HPV women. Carcinogenesis. 2018 Oct 26. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30364933
• Lince-Deroche N, van Rensburg C, Roseleur J, Sanusi B, Phiri J, Michelow P, Smith JS, Firnhaber C. Costs and cost-effectiveness of LEEP versus cryotherapy for treating cervical dysplasia among HIV-positive women in Johannesburg, South Africa. PLoS One. 2018;13(10):e0203921. PubMed PMID: 30308014
• Robertson K, Oladeji B, Jiang H, Kumwenda J, Supparatpinyo K, Campbell T, Hakim J, Tripathy S, Hosseinipour M, Marra CM, Kumarasamy N, Evans S, Vecchio A, La Rosa A, Santos B, Silva MT, Montano S, Kanyama C, Firnhaber C, Price R, Marcus C, Berzins B, Masih R, Lalloo U, Sanne I, Yosief S, Walawander A, Nair A, Sacktor N, Hall C. HIV-1 and TB Co-infection in Multinational Resource Limited Settings: Increased neurological dysfunction. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Aug 20. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30137250
• Cespedes MS, Kang M, Kojic EM, Umbleja T, Godfrey C, Webster-Cyriaque JY, Masih R, Firnhaber C, Grinsztejn B, Saah A, Cu-Uvin S, Aberg JA. Anogenital human papillomavirus virus DNA and sustained response to the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in women living with HIV-1. Papillomavirus Res. 2018 Dec;6:15-21. PubMed PMID: 30118852
• Chibwesha CJ, Goeieman B, Levin S, Mulongo M, Faesen M, Swarts A, Ramotshela S, Williams S, Rakhombe N, Bruce S, Michelow P, Firnhaber C. Estimating the burden of cervical disease among HIV-infected women accessing screening services in South Africa: A model-based analysis. S Afr Med J. 2018 Feb 27;108(3):235-239. PubMed PMID: 30004369
• Dunlop JL, Slemming W, Schnippel K, Makura C, Levin LJ, Rayne S, Vujovic M, Firnhaber C. Breast abnormalities in adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy. South Afr J HIV Med. 2019;20(1):1017. PubMed PMID: 31745435
• Vecchio AC, Marra CM, Schouten J, Jiang H, Kumwenda J, Supparatpinyo K, Hakim J, Sacktor N, Campbell TB, Tripathy S, Kumarasamy N, La Rosa A, Santos B, Silva MT, Kanyama C, Firnhaber C, Hosseinipour MC, Mngqibisa R, Hall C, Cinque P, Robertson K. Distal Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Positive Individuals Before and After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in Diverse Resource-Limited Settings. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31630166
• Mngqibisa R, Kendall MA, Dooley K, Wu X, Firnhaber C, McIlleron H, Robinson J, Cramer Y, Rosenkranz SL, Roa J, Coughlin K, Mawlana S, Badal-Faesen S, Schnabel D, Omoz-Oarhe A, Samaneka W, Godfrey C, Cohn SE. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) in African women receiving treatment for HIV and TB: Potential concern for standard dosing frequency. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31504342
• Gandhi M, Smeaton LM, Vernon C, Scully EP, Gianella S, Poongulali S, Sheth AN, Van Schalkwyk M, Klingman KL, Short WR, Opollo VS, Cohn SE, Scarsi KK, Firnhaber C, Bares S, Swaminathan S, Mngqibisa R, Connick E. Low Rate of Sex-specific Analyses in Presentations at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) Meeting, 2018: Room to Improve. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019 Aug 15;81(5):e158-e160. PubMed PMID: 31021991
• Berhanu RH, Schnippel K, Kularatne R, Firnhaber C, Jacobson KR, Horsburgh CR, Lippincott CK. Discordant rifampicin susceptibility results are associated with Xpert(®) MTB/RIF probe B and probe binding delay. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 Mar 1;23(3):358-362. PubMed PMID: 30940300
• Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Page-Shipp L, Sinanovic E. Impact of adverse drug reactions on the incremental cost-effectiveness of bedaquiline for drug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2018 Aug 1;22(8):918-925. PubMed PMID: 29991402
• Campos NG, Lince-Deroche N, Chibwesha CJ, Firnhaber C, Smith JS, Michelow P, Meyer-Rath G, Jamieson L, Jordaan S, Sharma M, Regan C, Sy S, Liu G, Tsu V, Jeronimo J, Kim JJ. Cost-Effectiveness of Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Living With HIV in South Africa: A Mathematical Modeling Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018 Oct 1;79(2):195-205. PubMed PMID: 29916959
• Rayne S, Schnippel K, Kruger D, Benn CA, Firnhaber C. Delay to diagnosis and breast cancer stage in an urban South African breast clinic. S Afr Med J. 2019 Feb 26;109(3):159-163. PubMed PMID: 30834871
• Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Berhanu R, Page-Shipp L, Sinanovic E. Direct costs of managing adverse drug reactions during rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment in South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2018 Apr 1;22(4):393-398. PubMed PMID: 29562986
• Tracy LA, Struble K, Firnhaber C, Smeaton L, Lake JE, Bell T, Soon GG, Yan J, Schnippel K, Cohn SE. Age Differences by Sex in Antiretroviral-Naïve Participants: Pooled Analysis from Randomized Clinical Trials. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2018 May - Jun;29(3):371-382. PubMed PMID: 29475784
• Lince-Deroche N, van Rensburg C, Roseleur J, Sanusi B, Phiri J, Michelow P, Smith JS, Firnhaber C. Correction: Costs and cost-effectiveness of LEEP versus cryotherapy for treating cervical dysplasia among HIV-positive women in Johannesburg, South Africa. PLoS One. 2019;14(2):e0212391. PubMed PMID: 30753238
• Rayne S, Schnippel K, Grover S, Fearnhead K, Kruger D, Benn C, Firnhaber C. Unraveling the South African Breast Cancer Story: The Relationship of Patients, Delay to Diagnosis, and Tumor Biology With Stage at Presentation in an Urban Setting. J Surg Res. 2019 Mar;235:181-189. PubMed PMID: 30691793
• Davies G, Firnhaber C, Pantanowitz L, Michelow P. The relationship between menopausal women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and cervical atrophy: A cytologic study. Diagn Cytopathol. 2019 Apr;47(4):302-306. PubMed PMID: 30588777
• Papasavvas E, Kossenkov AV, Azzoni L, Zetola NM, Mackiewicz A, Ross BN, Fair M, Vadrevu S, Ramogola-Masire D, Sanne I, Firnhaber C, Montaner LJ. Gene expression profiling informs HPV cervical histopathology but not recurrence/relapse after LEEP in ART-suppressed HIV HPV women. Carcinogenesis. 2019 Apr 29;40(2):225-233. PubMed PMID: 30364933
• Robertson KR, Oladeji B, Jiang H, Kumwenda J, Supparatpinyo K, Campbell TB, Hakim J, Tripathy S, Hosseinipour MC, Marra CM, Kumarasamy N, Evans S, Vecchio A, La Rosa A, Santos B, Silva MT, Montano S, Kanyama C, Firnhaber C, Price R, Marcus C, Berzins B, Masih R, Lalloo U, Sanne I, Yosief S, Walawander A, Nair A, Sacktor N, Hall C. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Tuberculosis Coinfection in Multinational, Resource-limited Settings: Increased Neurological Dysfunction. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 May 2;68(10):1739-1746. PubMed PMID: 30137250
• Schnippel K, Firnhaber C, Conradie F, Ndjeka N, Sinanovic E. Incremental Cost Effectiveness of Bedaquiline for the Treatment of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa: Model-Based Analysis. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2018 Feb;16(1):43-54. PubMed PMID: 28980217
• Rayne S, Schnippel K, Benn C, Kruger D, Wright K, Firnhaber C. The Effect of Access to Information on Beliefs Surrounding Breast Cancer in South Africa. J Cancer Educ. 2018 Aug;33(4):806-813. PubMed PMID: 28540645
• Wilkin T, Chen H, Sahasrabuddhe V, Matining R, Mngqibisa R, Chinula L, Mbilizi Y, Magure T, Omoz-Oarhe AE, Rassool M, Riviere C, Bhosale R, Godbole S, Naranjo R, Coombs R, Michelow P, Godfrey C, Firnhaber C. A Randomized Clinical Trial of Human Papillomavirus Test-and-Treat as Compared to Cytology-Based Screening for Prevention of Cervical Cancer Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol A5282. Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Oct 12;75(8):1280-1288. PubMed PMID: 35294524

Practice Locations

UCHealth Anschutz Outpatient Pavilion - Anschutz Medical Campus
1635 Aurora Ct
Aurora, CO 80045
720-848-0000

Specialty Information

Specialties

• Infectious Disease, Board Certification